{"id":120583,"date":"2021-05-01T09:01:00","date_gmt":"2021-05-01T16:01:00","guid":{"rendered":"\/blogs\/?p=120583"},"modified":"2025-05-26T15:18:17","modified_gmt":"2025-05-26T22:18:17","slug":"the-mothers-of-invention-women-who-blazed-the-trail-in-technology","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mcafee.com\/blogs\/mobile-security\/the-mothers-of-invention-women-who-blazed-the-trail-in-technology\/","title":{"rendered":"The Mothers of Invention: Women Who Blazed the Trail in Technology"},"content":{"rendered":"

It’s easy to imagine where we\u00a0would be without women in technology.<\/p>\n

We’d be poorer for it.<\/p>\n

With Mother\u2019s Day upon us, I couldn\u2019t help but think once more about the stark employment figures I shared in my International Women\u2019s Day blog just a few weeks ago. Millions of women have involuntarily left the workforce at a much higher rate than men during the pandemic<\/a>\u2014with roughly one third of women in the U.S. aged 25-44 citing that childcare was the reason for that unemployment<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Reflecting on this further, I thought about the women in technology who\u2019ve left their positions during this past year. It\u2019s a loss of talent and capability that\u2019s set back decades of advances by trailblazing women who not only shine in their field yet also do so in male-dominated realms of study, research, and employment.<\/p>\n

So as we look ahead to recovery, we should also look back. By celebrating just a few of the women in technology who shaped our world today, women who truly are \u201cmothers of invention,\u201d perhaps we can remember just how vital women are in our field\u2014and how we should double down on our efforts to welcome them back.<\/p>\n

Margaret Hamilton\u2014The software that ran the moon landing<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Imagine a time when the term \u201csoftware engineering\u201d wasn\u2019t recognized, even though it was crucial to us landing on the moon.<\/p>\n

Such were the days when Margaret Hamilton began her work at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) as a job to support her family while her husband went to law school at Harvard. This was in 1959 and would introduce her to Edward Lorenz, the father of chaos theory, and put her on the path to help humanity set its first footsteps on the moon.<\/p>\n

It was her work and her code that developed a software-driven system that warned astronauts of in-flight emergencies, an advance she credits her young daughter for inspiring, as recounted in this interview<\/a>:<\/p>\n

Often in the evening or at weekends I would bring my young daughter, Lauren, into work with me. One day, she was with me when I was doing a simulation of a mission to the moon. She liked to imitate me \u2013 playing astronaut. She started hitting keys and all of a sudden, the simulation started. Then she pressed other keys and the simulation crashed \u2026 I thought: my God \u2013 this could inadvertently happen in a real mission.<\/p>\n

I suggested a program change to prevent a prelaunch program being selected during flight. But the higher-ups at MIT and NASA said the astronauts were too well trained to make such a mistake. Midcourse on the very next mission, Apollo 8, one of the astronauts on board accidentally did exactly what Lauren had done. The Lauren bug! It created much havoc and required the mission to be reconfigured. After that, they let me put the program change in, all right.<\/p>\n

Karen Sp\u00e4rck Jones\u2014The intelligence behind search<\/strong><\/h2>\n

When you search online, you have this woman to thank.<\/p>\n

A true pioneer, Karen Sp\u00e4rck Jones worked at Cambridge, during which time she developed the algorithm for deriving a statistic known as \u201cterm frequency\u2013inverse document frequency\u201d (TFIDF). In lay terms, TFIDF determines how important a word is relative to the document or collection of terms in which it is found. Sound familiar? It should, as her work forms the basis of practically every search engine today<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Sp\u00e4rck Jones remained outspoken with regards to what she referred to as \u201cprofessionalism\u201d in technology. This had two layers: the first being the technical efficacy of a solution, the second being the rationale for even doing it in the first place. In her words<\/a>,<\/p>\n

\u201c[T]o be a proper professional you need to think about the context and motivation and justifications of what you’re doing \u2026 You don’t need a fundamental philosophical discussion every time you put finger to keyboard, but as computing is spreading so far into people’s lives you need to think about these things.\u201d<\/p>\n

Rear Admiral Grace M. Hopper<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Her vision for computing and her hands-on work led to development of COBOL, a programming language still in use today. Driving that vision was the belief that human language could be used as the basis for a programming language, making it more accessible, particularly for business use. The result was the FLOW-MATIC programming language, which was later developed into COBOL, a language that is estimated to be used in 95% of ATM card swipes<\/a>.<\/p>\n

During her time as a naval officer, she helped transform centralized Defense Department systems into smaller, distributed networks akin to the internet we now know and use. At her retirement near the age of 80, she went to work in the private sector where she held the role of full-time senior consultant until her passing at age 85. This 1983 profile of her, aired when she was 76<\/a>, is certainly worth a watch.<\/p>\n

Radia Perlman\u2014Internet Hall-of-Famer<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Quite plainly, Perlman\u2019s work paved the way for the routing protocols that underpin the modern internet.<\/p>\n

Prior to Perlman\u2019s work, as networks grew and accordingly became more complex, data would often flow into loops that prevented them from reaching their intended destination. Enter her creation of the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP), which can handle large clouds of computers and network devices. While its since evolved, the concept of an adaptive network remains squarely in place.<\/p>\n

Another advance of hers was introducing computer programming to young children aged 3 to 5 back in the 1970s. While working at MIT\u2019s LOGO Lab, she created TORTIS (Toddler\u2019s Own Recursive Turtle Interpreter System), which used buttons from programming and allowed for experimentation with a robotic turtle that would follow a toddler\u2019s commands. In the abstract for her paper that documented the work<\/a>, she emphasized what she felt was a vital point, \u201cMost important of all, it should teach that learning is fun.\u201d<\/p>\n

Getting Involved<\/strong><\/h2>\n

These women have led and inspired, and likewise it\u2019s on all of us in technology to build on the advances they made possible through both our work and the workplace cultures we foster\u2014particularly as we begin our recovery from this pandemic.<\/p>\n

One of the many reasons I\u2019m proud to be a part of McAfee is our Women in Security (WISE) community. It\u2019s truly a forward-thinking program, which we introduced to enrich and support women in the tech sector through mentorship programs and professional development conferences. It\u2019s one of the several, tangible ways we actively strive for a vibrant and diverse culture at McAfee<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Another powerful voice for women in tech is AnitaB.org, which supports women in technical fields, as well as the organizations that employ them and the academic institutions training the next generation. A full roster of programs help women grow, learn, and develop their highest potential.<\/p>\n

And for looking forward yet further, there\u2019s Girls Who Code,<\/a> which is building the next generation of female engineers and technologists. Their data shows why this is so vital. They found that 66 percent of girls aged six to 12 show interest in computing, but that drops to 32 percent for girls aged 13 to 17, and then plummets to only 4 percent for college freshmen. Accordingly, they support several programs for school-aged girls<\/a> from third grade up through senior year of high school, help educators and communities launch clubs, and advocate for women in their field through their work in public policy and research.<\/p>\n

And that\u2019s just for starters. For an overview of yet more organizations where you can get involved, check out this list of 16 organizations for women in tech<\/a>\u2014all of which help us realize a better world with women in technology.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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